@InProceedings{DoyleToma:2010:ExUsNe,
               author = "Doyle, M E and Tomasella, Javier",
          affiliation = "CIMA- UBA/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina and {Instituto Nacional 
                         de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Experiments Using New Initial Soil Moisture Conditions and Soil 
                         Map in the Eta Model Over La Plata Basin",
            booktitle = "Proceedings...",
                 year = "2010",
         organization = "The Meeting of the Americas.",
             keywords = "Land/atmosphere interactions, Soil Moisture, atmospheric Eta 
                         model.",
             abstract = "AB: Strong interactions between soil moisture and the atmospheric 
                         processes take place in all spatial and temporal scales. The 
                         effects of soil moisture on rainfall can be associated with 
                         dynamical modifications of atmospheric systems as well as the 
                         generation of mesoscale circulations through the formation of 
                         spatial sensible heat flux gradients. A new effort towards a more 
                         realistic representation of soil moisture and its impact on the 
                         modeling of weather systems is presented. The Eta model is chosen 
                         to perform numerical simulations over South America testing the 
                         sensitivity of precipitation to soil and soil moisture changes. In 
                         this sense, the meteorological situation analyzed is a cold front 
                         crossing southeastern South America which is followed by the 
                         development of a mesoscale convective complex over northern 
                         Argentina in October 2006. The ETA model was configured to run on 
                         a 40km grid resolution and 38 vertical levels on a domain which 
                         includes all of South America north of 40°S. Initial conditions 
                         used to force the Eta Model experiments are taken from the CPTEC 
                         global model (Bonatti 1996), as well as the lateral boundary 
                         conditions which are updated every 6 hours. The control run (CTRL) 
                         uses the NOAH land surface model, with a 4 layer soil model and 9 
                         different types of soil. Three other experiments were performed in 
                         order to test the sensibility to modifications of a) initial soil 
                         moisture conditions (MOIST), b) a new soil map (MAP) and c) both 
                         initial soil mositure conditions and new soil map (M\&M). 
                         Modified initial soil moisture conditions for the ETA simulations 
                         were obtained from a hydrological balance model developed and 
                         running operational at CPTEC. The model uses integrated daily 
                         precipitation obtained from TRMM product 3B42 version 6 on a 0.25° 
                         x 0.25° grid, and rain gauge observed precipitation collected by 
                         different institutions in Brazil and by the National Weather 
                         Services of Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay. A new soil map was 
                         elaborated using the available soil profile information in the 
                         CPTEC/INPE soil data base. It includes information on soil 
                         profiles for Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina. Each profile 
                         includes basic information such as soil types, texture classes, 
                         horizon depths, amount of organic carbon, etc. The different 
                         hydrological parameters defining each soil were obtained applying 
                         pedotransfer functions. The new soil map includes 16 different 
                         soil types. Results indicate that modifying inicial soil moisture 
                         conditions and incorporating a new soil map with hydraulic 
                         parameters, more representative of South American soils, improves 
                         rainfall forecasting both through a better spatial representation 
                         of precipitation and a daily total precipitation values. Although 
                         both CTRL and M\&M overestimate the total precipitation of the 
                         MCC, M\&M maximum precipitation is located closer to Presidente 
                         Roque Saenz Peņa where the most intense precipitation was 
                         registered and the difference with the observed value is 
                         smaller.",
  conference-location = "Foz do Igua{\c{c}}u, BR",
      conference-year = "08-12 aug 2010",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "doyle_experiments.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "13 maio 2024"
}